Interface-governed electromechanical coupling in bioinspired hierarchical piezoelectric poly( l -lactide) architectures

plasma-assisted surface activation, enabling morphologically well-integrated and strong interfacial adhesion without additional adhesive phases. Under ultrasound excitation, mechanical energy is preferentially concentrated at the chemically activated interface, generating enhanced shear deformation and a synergistically amplified piezoelectric response that exceeds the performance of the individual layers. This interface-dominated electromechanical coupling translates efficiently to biological systems through an extracellular-matrix-mimetic fibrous surface, enabling effective transfer of electrically mediated cues to adherent cells. Ultrasound-activated piezostimulation of human keratinocytes demonstrates enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and cytoskeletal organization. By establishing chemically programmed interfaces as a new design axis for electromechanical energy transduction, this work defines a bioinspired materials chemistry paradigm for adaptive piezoelectric surfaces and interfaces with broad relevance to bioelectronics, regenerative medicine, and dynamic tissue engineering.