Reprocessable carbon fiber composites via disulfide-exchange epoxy vitrimers: experimental and molecular simulation insights

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Authors: Harsh Sharma, N. K. Kaushik, Songchang Liu, Rajkamal Anand, Nanda Gopal Sahoo, Gun Jin Yun, Sravendra Rana
Cited by: 3
References: 71

Abstract

= 396 °C), accelerated stress relaxation, and high self-healing efficiency (91%), indicating a balanced crosslink density and network mobility. Using vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM), this EPD-2 matrix was integrated into carbon fiber composites (EPD-2-CF), which demonstrated high tensile strength (290 MPa), thermoformability, and shape recovery. The composites could be chemically degraded under controlled solvent-assisted conditions, enabling recovery of intact carbon fibers while preserving their structural integrity and enabling closed-loop fiber reclamation. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provided molecular-level validation of the composite mechanical response, with the simulated Young's modulus (2.74 GPa) in closely matching experimental results (2.69 GPa). Temperature-dependent creep simulations qualitatively reproduced experimental trends, revealing increased strain and delayed recovery from 130 °C to 170 °C due to activation of disulfide exchange mechanisms. This study establishes a vitrimer composite platform that correlates dynamic network design with composite viscoelastic behavior, advancing the development of recyclable high-performance CFRPS.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Polymer composites and self-healing Flame retardant materials and properties Lignin and Wood Chemistry

Publication details

Journal / source
RSC Advances
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Volume
16
Issue
19
Pages
17480–17496
Publication date
1 January 2026
Language
EN