Battery metals from the deep sea: using industrial ecology for comparative analysis of impacts with terrestrial mining
Abstract
Growing demand for metals is driving emergent interest in mining from the deep sea, specifically for batteries. We provide a systems-level methodlogy to evaluate the costs and benefits of sourcing metals from land versus the deep sea.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Extraction and Separation Processes
Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Coal and Its By-products
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Environmental Science Advances
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1273–1283
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN