A battery energy storage system integrated with multi-phase multi-port machine for inertia support

Addressing the challenges of declining grid inertia and inconsistencies in battery energy storage systems (BESS) within modern power systems necessitates innovative solutions. Conventional BESS, while offering rapid response, lack inherent rotational inertia and face difficulties when integrating batteries with varying states (SOC, SOH) or characteristics due to potential circulating currents and harmonic disturbances. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a hybrid energy storage system coupling electrochemical batteries with a novel multi-phase multi-port machine which enables roles both as generator and motor subject to the operation conditions. The core design philosophy leverages the unique structure of multi-port machines to provide physical inertia support, analogous to synchronous generators, while simultaneously enabling flexible and decoupled integration of diverse battery units.