WFH: A Wideband Frequency Hopping‐Based Anti‐Jamming Navigation Signal Structure

ABSTRACT With the increasing prevalence of complex electromagnetic threats, the antijamming capability of satellite navigation signals has become a critical factor in signal design. However, existing signal designs still exhibit inherent limitations against varying jamming patterns, restricting their applicability in heavily jammed environments. This paper proposes a navigation signal structure based on wideband frequency hopping (WFH) modulation, aiming to enhance both antijamming capabilities and measurement accuracy. Since frequency hopping induces nonstationary characteristics in the received jamming spectrum, the conventional carrier‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) becomes inapplicable. To address this, we propose the nonstationary effective carrier‐to‐noise ratio (NSCNR) model to characterise performance under dynamic spectral conditions. In addition, the impacts of various hopping parameters, specifically ionospheric effects, synchronisation errors and dwell time, on signal accuracy and antijamming performance are thoroughly analysed. Simulation results demonstrate that wideband frequency hopping provides robust resilience against both narrowband and wideband jamming.