JWST spectroscopic confirmation of the Cosmic Gems arc at

Read full text
Authors: M. Messa, E. Vanzella, F. Loiacono, A. Adamo, M. Oguri, K. Sharon, L. D. Bradley, L. Christensen, A. Claeyssens, J. Richard, Abdurro’uf, F. E. Bauer
+21 more P. Bergamini, A. Bolamperti, M. Bradač, F. Calura, D. Coe, J. M. Diego, C. Grillo, T. Y-Y. Hsiao, A. K. Inoue, S. Fujimoto, M. Lombardi, M. Meneghetti, T. Resseguier, M. Ricotti, P. Rosati, B. Welch, R. A. Windhorst, X. Xu, E. Zackrisson, A. Zanella, A. Zitrin
Cited by: 0

Abstract

We present JWST/NIRSpec integral field spectroscopy of the Cosmic Gems arc, strongly magnified by the galaxy cluster SPT-CL J0615−5746. Six-hour integration using NIRSpec prism spectroscopy (resolution R ≃ 30 − 300), covering the spectral range 0.8 − 5.3 μm, reveals a pronounced Lyα-continuum break at λ ≃ 1.3 μm, as well as weak optical Hβ and [O III] λ4959 emission lines at z = 9.625 ± 0.002, located in the reddest part of the spectrum (λ > 5.1 μm). No additional ultraviolet or optical emission lines are reliably detected. A weak Balmer break is measured alongside a very blue ultraviolet slope (β ≤ −2.5, Fλ ∼ λβ). Spectral fitting with Bagpipes suggests that the Cosmic Gems galaxy is in a post-starburst phase, making it the highest-redshift system currently observed in a mini-quenched state. Spatially resolved spectroscopy at tens of parsecs shows relatively uniform features across subcomponents of the arc. These findings align well with the physical properties previously derived from JWST/NIRCam photometry of the stellar clusters, now corroborated by spectroscopic evidence. In particular, five observed star clusters exhibit ages of 7 − 30 Myr. An updated lens model constrains the intrinsic sizes and masses of these clusters, confirming they are extremely compact and denser than typical star clusters in local star-forming galaxies (ΣM★ = 105 − 106 M⊙). Additionally, four compact stellar systems consistent with star clusters (≲10 pc) are identified along the extended tail of the arc. A sub-parsec line-emitting HII1.2ex region straddling the critical line, lacking a NIRCam counterpart, is also serendipitously detected. The Cosmic Gems arc thus offers a rare opportunity to investigate, at parsec scales, the aftermath of a star formation burst in the early Universe.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Galaxies: Formation Evolution Phenomena Astronomy and Astrophysical Research Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies

Publication details

Journal / source
Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)
Publication date
19 January 2026
Language
EN