The Influence Environmental Dimension of Good Dairy Farming Practices on Sustainability Smallholder Farm-Income at Malang Raya, East Java, Indonesia

Smallholder dairy farmer faced many challenges, including fluctuating milk process, rising input cost, and pressure to comply with quality and adopting environmental requirements. Implementing good dairy farming practice (GDFP) particularly in the environment dimension offered most useful in improving efficiency, productivity, and milk quality, hence generating farm income. This study investigates the adoption of environment dimension of GDFP in Jabung sub-district, Malang Raya, East Java Province of Indonesia. The 76 respondents who members of the "KUBE PSP Maju Mapan group were selected by multistage sampling method. They were grouped into two farm-scale based on Animal Unit (AU): farm-scale I (having 1- 6.38 AU; n=46 farmers) and farm-scale II (having 6.39 - 13.75 AU; n=30 farmers). Survey method was applied to gather primary data, whereas secondary data was provided by the related institutions. Descriptive and regression analyses have been carried to analyse the data. Results found that environmental practices vary in the two farm-scales. For farm-scale I, forage planting decrease farm income, while and housing density enhanced the farm return. For farm-scale II, cleaner housing improved farm income, whereas waste treatment activities and heavy water use reduce profitability due to additional operational costs. The study highlights the need future investigation that targeted policy interventions, cooperative-level infrastructure, and more nuanced sustainability strategies that support both environmental sustainability and rural livelihoods.