Wind environment optimization of traditional villages using Sware numerical simulations: A case study of Shuicheping old street, Chongqing

Traditional mountainous villages embody regional ecological wisdom through their wind environments, yet face challenges including blocked natural wind corridors, increased building density, and inadequate ventilation during modernization. This study investigates Shuicheping Old Street using Sware numerical simulations integrated with field measurements and CFD modeling to establish a 3D wind environment model. Quantitative analysis revealed disorderly construction caused 42% wind speed attenuation between clusters, 35% vortex-dominated street areas, and substandard ventilation (0.5 ACH) in dwellings.On this basis we propose a tripartite strategy—hierarchical wind corridor restoration, building interface optimization, and microclimate regulation—improved cluster ventilation efficiency by 28.6%, reduced street vortices to 22%, and enhanced indoor ventilation to 1.2 ACH.And an economic feasibility analysis was conducted on the adopted three in one strategy, estimating the construction and maintenance costs of different optimization measures as well as the subsequent economic benefits, providing a more comprehensive decision-making basis for practical engineering applications.The final proposed framework balances heritage preservation with climate adaptation, offering a replicable design paradigm for sustainable renewal of Southwestern China's mountainous settlements.