Temperature- and Field-Tunable Magnetization Reversal in NdCr 0.75 Fe 0.25 O 3

Magnetization reversal with two compensation points is observed in polycrystalline NdCr 0.75 Fe 0.25 O 3 . Rietveld refinement of XRD data confirms a phase-pure orthorhombic Pbnm structure. Below the Néel temperature ( T n ~ 225 K), the (Cr/Fe) sublattice adopts a canted G-type antiferromagnetic state, resulting in weak ferromagnetism in the system. The temperature-dependent antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the Cr 3+ /Fe 3+ and the Nd 3+ ions induces Negative Magnetization ( NM ) in the system, which is gradually suppressed with increasing external field. The magnetization states are very stable and can be switched by both external field and temperature within the compensation temperature window ( T comp1 - T comp2 ). An exchange-bias effect with negative H eb is obtained, originating from the competing interactions between the transition-metal and rare-earth magnetic sublattices. This tunable magnetic behavior makes NdCr 0.75 Fe 0.25 O 3 a promising candidate for spintronic and magnetic memory applications.