Biopsychosocial Aspects of Adult and Pediatric Disorders of Gut–Brain Interaction

This review offers information and practical guidance for professionals who care for patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). It summarizes evidence-based psychosocial approaches for adult and pediatric populations, organized into 4 sections: background, assessment, management, and training. The review begins by establishing a biopsychosocial framework, highlighting the bidirectional influences of biological and psychosocial factors on gut physiology and brain mechanisms. It then outlines key assessment strategies, including targeted patient interview questions and guidance on interpreting responses followed by empirically supported psychosocial treatments suitable for integrated and standalone care settings. The final section presents curriculum recommendations for providers in DGBI-specific psychosocial care. Emphasizing the brain-gut axis and the importance of the patient-provider relationship, this review underscores the need for accurate psychosocial assessment and contextually informed intervention. It concludes with future directions for training and research to enhance clinical outcomes in this complex and multifaceted domain.