First In-vivo Human Magnetic Particle Imaging

Objectives: Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a tracer-based imaging modality enabling radiation-free visualization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with high temporal resolution. Despite extensive preclinical development, in-vivo application in humans has not previously been reported so far. This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of first-in-human MPI angiography and to compare it with conventional X-ray digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Materials and Methods: A first-in-human MPI angiography was performed in a healthy volunteer using a human-scale interventional MPI scanner and clinically approved ferucarbotran tracer. Imaging of the upper extremity veins was conducted under clinical angiography laboratory conditions with continuous physiological monitoring. Conventional DSA of the same region was performed under identical procedural conditions for direct comparison. MPI data were acquired in real time with 2 frames per second and co-registered with DSA images. Results: MPI successfully visualized major superficial and deep veins, including inflow, branching patterns, venous valve filling, collateral pathways, and tracer clearance dynamics. Spatial and temporal visualization was comparable to DSA for clinically relevant vascular structures. No adverse events occurred, and safety monitoring remained unremarkable throughout the procedure. Conclusions: This first in-vivo human demonstration shows that MPI enables real-time, radiation-free angiographic visualization of vascular structures with clinically relevant temporal resolution. MPI has potential as a novel imaging modality for selected vascular and interventional applications and represents an important step toward clinical translation. Key Points: · First in-human magnetic particle imaging angiography demonstrated feasibility. · Real-time vascular imaging without ionizing radiation achieved. · Comparable visualization to digital subtraction angiography. · Potential for interventional and vascular clinical applications. Citation Format: · Vogel P, Kampf T, Rückert MA et al. First In-vivo Human Magnetic Particle Imaging. Rofo 2026; DOI 10.1055/a-2856-9878.