Development and optimization of a reliable HPLC-MS method for the identification of Tabernanthe iboga and its differentiation from toxic look-alikes

Tabernanthe iboga is a plant containing a broad spectrum of alkaloids, the most significant of which is ibogaine. This alkaloid has been proven effective in the treatment of addiction to various substances, as it alleviates withdrawal symptoms and reduces cravings. Due to these properties, ibogaine clinics have emerged worldwide, incorporating ibogaine into treatment programs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] However, the limited availability of authentic T. iboga from Africa has led to substitution with other plant species that may contain toxic alkaloids. Reports of fatal cases resulting from such falsification of T. iboga , as well as issues related to improper dosing, highlight the need for accurate identification methods. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The aim of this study is to enable the differentiation of T. iboga from other plants with a high risk of falsification based on their alkaloid profiles, thereby increasing the safety of T. iboga use. In this study, an HPLC-MS method for the analysis of 11 iboga alkaloids and their derivatives was developed. Various extraction solvents were tested, with ethyl acetate combined with ammonium hydroxide proving to be the most effective. Real samples from ibogaine clinics were obtained and analysed and the quality control and risks associated with these products were assessed. Publication History Article published online: 05 March 2026 © 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany