Development of flavonoid analysis from mulberry using High Performance Liquid Chromatography determination

Flavonoids from plant species of genus Morus (commonly known as mulberry) are famous for their antioxidant potential. The genus Morus contains about 68 species and the majority of them are cultivated in Thailand [ 1 ]. A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of flavonoids (rutin, catechin and quercetin) in the extract of mulberry leaf ( Morus alba Linn.). The analysis was carried out on a reversed-phase column (C18 with 150×4.6 mm) using methanol and 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase under gradient system. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the detection for rutin was at 280 nm, catechin and quercetin was at 360 nm. The validation method for all standards presented a linear correlation coefficient=1.000. Relative accuracy for all standards was 90-110% in the concentration range of 25-125 μg/mL. The accuracy showed percent recovery was in the range of 70-110%. The Intermediate Precision showed Percent Relative standard deviation (%RSD) for rutin, catechin and quercetin were 2.56, 2.38 and 1.93, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) for rutin, catechin and quercetin were 0.074, 0.069 and 0.065, respectively. The average percent recovery in the extract of mulberry leaf of rutin, catechin and quercetin were 95.49, 90.17 and 92.26, respectively. Results obtained in this study will serve as quality control and useful reference for the determination of flavonoids in the other samples. Publication History Article published online: 05 March 2026 © 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany