Labelling of food supplements targeting sleep disorders: current practices and challenges in the EU

Quality sleep is a fundamental human need, crucial for overall health, and can be influenced by a wide range of factors. However, many individuals suffering from sleep disorders, particularly those with milder issues related to sleep quality, do not seek pharmacological treatment. Instead, they often self-manage their symptoms through dietary modifications, including the use of food supplements (FS). In the European Union (EU), the regulation of FS and Health Claims (HC) has been harmonized with the primary aim of supporting the functioning of the internal EU market and protecting consumers from misleading practices and potential health risks. This study aims to investigate the composition and labelling of FS targeting sleep disorders. The Slovenian branded foods database includes data on the composition and labelling of branded foods, including FS (N=1,912; data collected in 2023). Data on ingredients were used to identify products targeting sleep disorders. Labelling practices involving HC were explored within the context of the current legislative framework. One of the most commonly used botanicals in these products is valerian ( Valeriana officinalis ). Although HC for valerian have not yet undergone scientific evaluation by the EFSA, its traditional and well-established use in treating sleep disorders is supported by herbal monographs (EMA, ESCOP) and ‘on hold list’ enables their use. The study results provide valuable insights to producers for responsible marketing practices and offer policymakers important information on the current market situation. Publication History Article published online: 05 March 2026 © 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany