Celiac Disease
Abstract
Celiac disease, a common autoimmune condition affecting approximately 1% of the population, can develop with exposure to gluten at any age. Diagnosis involves serologic testing, especially for IgA antibodies against tissue transglutaminase, and may include tests to confirm the presence of endomysial antibodies or even duodenal biopsies, although the latter are becoming less necessary. The presence of genes encoding HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 is a prerequisite for the disease. A gluten-free diet is the mainstay of treatment, but some adults have nonresponsive celiac disease, which warrants closer monitoring because of an increased risk of malignant conditions. Celiac disease also frequently co-occurs with other autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid disease.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Celiac Disease Research and Management
Microscopic Colitis
Digestive system and related health
Publication details
- Journal / source
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Volume
- 394
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1421–1429
- Publication date
- 8 April 2026
- Language
- EN