Nanocellulose Integration in Concrete for Enhanced Performance and Sustainability

In response to environmental challenges, this study investigates the incorporation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from rice husks, an agricultural byproduct, into concrete to enhance performance and sustainability. CNC was synthesized through a chemical treatment process to achieve the desired crystalline structure. These nanomaterials were integrated into concrete mixtures at varying dosages (0.5–2.0 wt.% of cement) to assess their impact on mechanical and environmental performance. Testing revealed an enhancement in mechanical properties, with a 1.5 wt.% CNC mixture achieving optimal results, including a 28% increase in compressive strength. Additionally, the life cycle assessment (LCA) demonstrated CNC production contributed to higher ozone depletion indicators due to the chemical synthesis process. Recommendations for refining the production process are proposed to mitigate these environmental trade-offs. This study demonstrates the dual potential of CNC to reduce the construction industry’s reliance on traditional materials and address agricultural waste challenges.