Capabilities of On-Site Construction Robots from the Sense–Plan–Act Framework

The development and application of construction robots are helping the construction industry address multiple challenges, from safety to a diminishing pool of skilled labor. However, operating robots on construction sites is challenging, and the complex and dynamic construction environment requires robots to have capabilities to sense, plan, and act, which differ from operations in controlled environments. This study uses a systematic literature review based on the sense–plan–act (SPA) framework to extract information about mobile construction robot operations. The information was then categorized to obtain the robots’ capabilities for construction projects. The study summarizes the relationship among these capabilities and extends the SPA framework using an IDEF0 process model. The results focus on guiding construction industry users and robotics companies to understand the capabilities and relationships of construction robots when performing on-site construction operations. These capabilities and relationships can be used to select appropriate robot solutions based on construction task requirements.