Framework for Leveraging Digital Twins and Cyber-Physical Production Systems in Robotic Assembly for Industrialized Construction

Robotic assembly in industrialized construction (IC) offers a promising solution for enhancing efficiency and productivity. Despite increased adoption, challenges like insufficient digitalization, lack of real-time monitoring, data silos, and limited interoperability persist. Digital twins (DTs) and cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) are key Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies enabling seamless systems integration, real-time monitoring, data aggregation, and predictive maintenance. However, implementing DTs and CPPS poses significant challenges, including the lack of standardization across systems and industries. Recent studies emphasize the importance of RAMI 4.0 and the Asset Administration Shell (AAS) in developing interoperable systems aligned with I4.0 principles. This study proposes a conceptual DT-based CPPS architecture for IC, grounded in RAMI 4.0 and AAS. It evaluates the state of the art of DTs and CPPS in robotic assembly, examining their benefits and challenges, and initiates guidelines for their implementation to enhance future IC smart factories.