Laboratory Modeling of Rainfall-Induced Slope Failure in a Controlled Soil Box Setup

This study investigates rainfall-induced slope failure through controlled laboratory modeling in a custom-designed soil box setup. The 5-sided clear acrylic box, with external dimensions of H50.17 cm × W40.01 cm × L120.02 cm (wall thickness 2.54 cm), is filled with different soil types. Two sloped surfaces with inclinations of 45 and 30 degrees are constructed within the box, with flat areas before and after the slope to simulate real-world embankments. Rainfall is applied using a rain simulator positioned above the soil box to mimic natural precipitation events. The objective is to examine the effects of rainfall on the stability and deformation of the slope, focusing on key mechanisms that contribute to slope failure under such conditions. To monitor the response of the soil to rainfall, various sensors are strategically embedded within the soil box. Changes in pore water pressure during rainfall, soil temperature and volumetric water content, and soil displacement are measured during the test. The experiment is conducted in a controlled environment to ensure consistency and reproducibility of results. The purpose of this study is to advance the understanding of rainfall-induced slope instability by identifying key contributing factors and mechanisms of failure, and to inform strategies for enhancing slope stabilization techniques and mitigating risks associated with rainfall-triggered slope failures.