New Nanocoating for EPS Blocks: Testing, Modeling, and Cost

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is widely used in various geotechnical applications. EPS blocks are usually wrapped with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane. However, in applications such as backfilling behind retaining walls or irregular spaces, using HDPE may be impractical and costly, whereas each EPS block may require individual wrapping. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a newly developed nanocoating that can be layered on EPS blocks. This nanocoating is made of nanocellulose extracted from agricultural waste and a solvent-free polyurethane. A lab testing program was carried out to determine the nanocoating properties and resistance to hydrocarbons. Results were used to calibrate Plaxis 2D constitutive model and interface element to capture the behavior of nanocoated EPS under compression, flexure, and shear. Finally, the economic feasibility of using the newly developed nanocoating was conducted via the life cycle costing method, showing that nanocoating cost is 4.0% lower than that of the HDPE.