The effect of substitution of biochar EOPFB as a filler in the manufacture of rubber composites on rheological properties and hardness

Substitution of filler material using Biochar EOPFB is one technology to reduce the use of Carbon Black in making rubber composites. The high availability of EOPFB waste from palm oil factory processing processes is a diversification of physical EFB processing. Apart from that, carbon black is a type of synthetic filler that is a by-product of the petroleum processing process which is non-renewable and not environmentally friendly. The aim of this research was to evaluate the rheological properties and hardness of composite rubber using the Biochar EOPFB filler substitute for Carbon Black. The design used in this research was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), each treatment was repeated 3 (three) times with a concentration of EOPFB Biochar filler (0 phr, 10 phr, 20 phr, 30 phr, 40 phr) and a concentration of carbon filler. black (50 phr, 40 phr, 30 phr, 20 phr, 10 phr). The parameters observed included torsion modulus rheology tests (ML and MH), optimum cooking time (T90), scorch time (T2) and physical mechanical properties of hardness tests. The best treatment for the substitution of Biochar EFB filler for making composite rubber was obtained at a Biochar EFB concentration of 40 phr, with composite rubber characteristics that met the vulcanization characteristics of ASTM D2084. The physical and mechanical properties of composite rubber meet the SNI 06-7032-2004 min 65 Shore A standard. at EFB substitution up to a maximum of 30 phr, while at 40 phr it does not meet the hardness value of 64.1 Shore A.