Sterilization method and effect of combining cytokinin type with KNO3 in in vitro multiplication of Temu Ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.)

Temu ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) is one of the medicinal plants that has not been widely used. Temu ireng contains active ingredients that are efficacious for the treatment of cancer and also as antimicrobials. The need for temu ireng rhizomes will increase along with the need for herbal ingredients for treatment. This research consisted of explant sterilization studies and cytokinin types for optimal media for propagation of temu ireng. The explants were sterilized using a gradual immersion method in 70 % alcohol solution, 5-9 % sodium hypochlorite, iodine combined with a bactericidal dose (0.5 g L−1 and 0.75 g L−1) and explant size reduction techniques. The propagation study used a completely randomized design with two factors, namely the type of cytokinin (Kinetin, BA, BAP, Zeatin, Thidiazuron and 2 ip) at 0.5 mg L−1 concentration and the concentration of KNO3 (0, 800 and 1600 ppm). The sterilization method, with the addition of 0.5 g L−1fungicides and 0.75 g L−1bactericides and reducing the size of the explants by about 50 mm, increased the percentage of sterile explants to 59.83 %. Different types of cytokinins affected shoot height, the number of shoots and chlorophyll content. The addition of 0.5 ppm kinetin increased the shoot height (10.40 cm) and chlorophyll content (17.51 units), while the addition of 0.5 ppm thidiazuran triggered the number of shoots around 2.28 and decreased chlorophyll content (5.46 units). The addition of KNO3 did not affect shoot propagation. Cytokinin types of BA, BAP, Zeatin and 2ip were required in higher concentrations to support the propagation of the Intersection of temu ireng in vitro.