Integration of artificial intelligence in IT governance for proactive and adaptive cybersecurity: A literature review

Organizations’ increasing reliance on Information Technology (IT) and artificial intelligence (AI) requires strong cybersecurity to safeguard critical assets and ensure resilience against evolving threats. Cybersecurity systems aim to protect systems from unauthorized access or attacks. Modern IT strategies rely on AI to proactively identify threats by examining patterns and anomalies in data, enhancing the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information. Based on AI and machine learning, adaptive defense shifts from reactive to proactive approaches, dynamically adjusting to evolving threats. This study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) to analyze the application of AI in managing proactive and adaptive cybersecurity. The search results found 22 main articles for SLR. Based on findings from relevant articles, integrating AI into IT governance enhances the detection, prevention, and response to cyber threats, allowing organizations to adopt proactive strategies. However, challenges like data quality, AI risk monitoring, and validation by human experts must be addressed. Organizations should focus on these issues for successful implementation. Leveraging AI in IT governance strengthens cybersecurity, making it more effective and adaptive to evolving threats. By recognizing AI’s benefits and overcoming challenges, organizations can improve their cybersecurity defenses and better secure their information and infrastructure.