Survival analysis of type III censored pulmonary tuberculosis patients using Kaplan–Meier method

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The effects of the disease are far-reaching and it is one of second deadliest infectious diseases in the world, with Indonesia ranking as the country with the highest tuberculosis rate after India. The demographic group most susceptible to this respiratory disease is individuals between the ages of 15 and 50, coinciding with the peak period of productivity. The government is striving to achieve the global commitment to eliminate tuberculosis by 2050. To this end, a study was conducted using Kaplan-Meier method and the Log Rank test to determine the probability of survival in each category of each related variable. This study used medical record data about tuberculosis inpatients from Surabaya Hajj General Hospital for period between 1 December 2022–31 December 2023. The probability of survival on 1st day was found to be 1.000 until 0.000 on 19th day. The results of Log–Rank test indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in survival probability at least in one category of the variables age, gender, smoking status, and comorbidities, with comorbidities being factor with the lowest p-value (0.004). Based on the study results, public is advised to be attentive, especially to women aged ≥ 45 years, as they are more at risk of being hospitalized. In addition, preventive measures can be taken so that if a person is indicated to have tuberculosis disease, they do not have a history of new diseases as comorbidities of tuberculosis disease.