Design for evaluating online food delivery services using agent-based model and GIS

Online Food Delivery (OFD) services have recently experienced significant growth and development. OFD services represent a new e-commerce model that combines electronic commerce with delivery services. Along with this development, complex operational challenges have emerged. These challenges include but are not limited to, efficient delivery, order management, and driver allocation. This paper conducts simulations by integrating Agent-Based Modeling (ABMS) with a Geographic Information System (GIS). ABMS is a computational approach used to simulate the actions and interactions of agents. In this paper, the model is built similarly to the services provided by two popular food delivery services in Indonesia, such as GoFood and GrabFood, regarding their service processes/procedures. The practical application of the model is demonstrated through the simulation, which applies scenarios by varying the delivery radius distance, a critical operational decision for the company. The model has several limitations, including using only a tiny area, merchants having the same level of demand, and still requiring further validation. This validation is necessary to ensure the model accurately reflects the real-world conditions of OFD services. Further research is still needed to improve the model and to make it useful in helping companies improve their effectiveness.