Study on influence of rotational angular velocities on cavitation characteristics of supercavitation projectiles

Rotating supercavitation projectiles have become a key research focus, as the hydrodynamic characteristics are governed by cavity–body coupling. This interaction critically determines underwater motion stability and necessitates a detailed study of cavity evolution behavior. This study establishes a numerical simulation method for rotating supercavitating flow under attack angle conditions, based on volume of fluid multiphase model and overset grid technique, with implemented user-defined functions coupled to the numerical solver to resolve rotational angular velocity components. The validated model was then employed to investigate the influence of varying rotational angular velocities on natural supercavity morphology. The results demonstrate a significant influence of rotational angular velocity on supercavity morphology. Increased rotational angular velocity results in larger cavity offset and smaller cavity size. Specifically, at 18 000 rad/s and larger attack angle (1°). Compared with non-rotating case, the horizontal and vertical offsets at the tail surface increase by 7.78% and 8.12%, respectively, while cavity size decreases by 16.25%.