Mathematical modelling of tig welding parameters on carbon steel using SN ratio and ANOVA approach

The research evaluated how multiple process variables impact penetration depth (PD) and bead width (BW) during TIG welding operations on carbon steel materials. Sixteen experiments evaluated the weld characteristic response to systematic variations of WC, EA, WS, and AL parameters. The combination of EA4-WC1-WS4-AL3 (75°, 150A, 140 mm/min, 3 mm) yielded the optimal results for minimizing penetration depth while EA4-WC4-WS2-AL4 (75°, 210A, 100 mm/min, 4 mm) delivered the best outcome for controlling bead width. Among the TIG welding parameters Electrode Angle (EA) most strongly influenced penetration depth as it provided 45.9% of total possible variance in this measure. Welding Current ([WC]) emerged as the parameter that drove bead width changes since it accounted for 46.2% of total variation. This research offers significant knowledge about TIG welding parameter optimization leading to improved weld quality and better performance of carbon steel joints.