Genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of bleaching powder on living cell

Bleaching powder, a chemical substance commonly used in industrial and household applications, has prompted concerns about its possible cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on the living organism. This thorough article providing the existing corpus of data of the influence of bleaching powder exposure on cellular health. The paper begins by outlining the chemical composition of bleaching powder and its numerous applications, emphasizing the vast exposure potential to biotic and abiotic components of surrounding. The cytotoxic effects of bleaching powder on numerous cell types, spanning from human to microbial cells, are comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, this study examines the diversity in cell responses to bleaching powder exposure, considering aspects such as concentration, period of exposure. The assessment also covers the potential risks to health associated with chronic bleaching powder exposure, as well as its application in occupational contexts, environmental pollution, and issues related to public health. This paper provides a thorough examination of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of bleaching powder on somatic root tip cell of Allium cepa. The mitotic index percent and various chromosomal abnormalities like bridge, laggard, micronuclei, karyorrehxis etc were observed. It emphasizes the importance of extensive research in order to better comprehend the long-term effects of exposure and to identify techniques for limiting possible damage while maintaining its critical applications.