Evaluation of TNF-α (rs1800610 G > A) gene polymorphism and its correlation with TNF-α levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-lasting autoimmune condition that causes inflammation in the synovial fluid of connective tissues. It leads to swelling, pain, and inflammation in the joints. This study aimed to investigate the polymorphism of the TNF-α gene (rs1800610 G>A) and its correlation with TNF-α levels in RA patients. This study comprised 50 participants, with around 30 being RA patients and 20 as healthy control. Genomic DNA was isolated from each participant’s blood, followed by PCR amplification and subsequent genotyping via sequencing. Study results indicated that rs1800610 was not associated with susceptibility to RA. Analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in genotype between the patient group and the control group after determining the genotype and allele frequencies of TNF-α - rs1800610 for both groups. In the comparison of GA genotype between patients and controls, the heterozygous GA genotype did not demonstrate a significant difference from the controls (X²=0.181, OR=0.33). No significant differences were observed in the AA genotype for patients and controls (X²=0.011, OR=0.01). Additionally, The G allele frequency of the TNF-α rs1800610 gene polymorphism did not significantly affect the risk of patients developing RA. There was a significant correlation between rs1800610 genotypes and serum TNF-α levels in the patient compared to the control group. The current study concludes that no evidence suggests a connection between the susceptibility to RA and the rs1800610. Thus, to support or refute this study’s findings, this polymorphism must be examined in a larger population from a variety of ethnicities.