Assessment of diamine oxidase activity and its correlation with various biochemical parameters in serum of migraine patients in Nineveh governorate

Background: Migraine is complicated, genetically influenced illness typified by episodes of moderate to severe headache, diamine oxidase DAO is liable for malfunctioning histamine, a neurotransmitter associated with migraines. Reduced activity of DAO may lead to increased histamine levels, contributing to migraine attacks, the study therefore aimed to collect blood samples from migraine patients for evaluating DAO activity in serum of migraine patients and healthy people, linking the activity of DAO with the variables studied in migraine patients. Methods: Sixty-two subjects with an age range of 9–63 years, 17 Males and 45 Females were analyzed. As for the second group, it included (60) healthy people of both sexes, and their ages ranged between (11-60) years. Blood samples were collected after a period of fasting that ranged between (8-10) hours, then the blood samples were separated and divided into (3-4) sections were stored in clean, sterile tubes at a temperature of (-20) ° C. DAO was estimated using a ready-made analysis kit and an ELISA device, while the rest of the biochemical variables (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, magnesium, vitamin B12, glutathione, ceruloplasmin, and acetylcholinesterase) as well as total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C) were estimated spectrophotometrically using an analysis kit prepared by reputable scientific companies. Results: The results indicated that there was a significant decrease in DAO in patients with migraine compared with control group, also there is a significant decrease in DAO in females compared to males in both groups of patients and healthy people, there significant increase DAO with age, When compared to healthy individuals, the data indicated that migraine patients had significantly higher concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides, but significantly lower concentrations of magnesium, B12, HDL-C, and GSH. Conclusions: There was a noteworthy decline in DAO activity in migraine patients if compared to healthy volunteers. This decline was more pronounced in females and individuals with a hereditary predisposition to migraine; the more attacks a patient gets in a single month, the sooner their DAO activity dropped.