Embedding project-based learning and design thinking in engineering curricula: A review

This paper reviews the integration of Project-Based Learning (PBL) and Design Thinking (DT) in engineering education, emphasizing their role in enhancing student engagement, creativity, and practical problem-solving skills. Through a comprehensive review of academic literature, the study identifies how these pedagogical approaches foster innovation and better prepare students for real-world engineering challenges. The paper also addresses the challenges in implementing these methodologies, including the need for faculty training, resource limitations, and institutional support. Recommendations are provided to overcome these obstacles, focusing on interdisciplinary collaboration, continuous evaluation, and leveraging industry partnerships. The review concludes that the strategic implementation of PBL and DT can significantly enhance the quality of engineering education, equipping students with the competencies needed for future engineering careers.