Design and implementation of car motor control (CMC) for learning physics concepts of light waves in STEM technology

This research aims to design, build, program, implement, and optimize a Car Motor Control (CMC) prototype using the Artec Robo 2.0 kit for STEM education, using an experimental method.The challenges faced include: (1) difficulty controlling the calibration stabilization of the drive motor, (2) positioning error (specific distance error), and (3) negative impact on the environment such as light shading error.This CMC prototype was designed, manufactured, and installed at the Basic Physics Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Jakarta.The CMC uses an Infra-Red Photoreflector sensor to detect objects in front of it and follows a black line as a trajectory, allowing discussion of the properties of light waves.However, due to calibration issues of the drive motor, the CMC tends to turn slightly to the left when it is set to move straight.The control system is open using Scratch scripts or Block Coding, making it easy for students who have not mastered coding to program.