Theory of Change

This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of theory of change (ToC) and its applications in tourism and hospitality research. It offers a clear definition of ToC, along with its origins, strengths, and weaknesses. The chapter also breaks down the key components of ToC, including resources (inputs), interventions (activities), outputs, outcomes, impacts, and assumptions, illustrated with relevant examples. Additionally, it summarizes the methodology, context, and key findings from publications related to ToC in the tourism and hospitality sectors. Finally, the chapter explores the potential future applications of the ToC model within the tourism context.