Theory of Complex Adaptive Systems

Complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory provides an important framework for analyzing and gaining insights into the complex structures in the tourism and hospitality field. Analyzing the dynamic network formed by tourism and its related industries provides important information for destination management, demand forecasting, understanding customer relations, and developing sustainability strategies. Thus, it can systematically explain the adaptation process of the tourism and hospitality industry to the internal and external environment. Despite certain constraints, its utilization in tourism offers sophisticated and flexible frameworks for examining swiftly evolving dynamics, overtourism, and unforeseen crises using AI-enhanced analysis, predictive modeling, and immersive technology. This section presents suggestions for future study or policy development and demonstrates the application of AI-assisted technologies to enhance language readability and conciseness.