Tourism System Models

Systems consist of units, relationships, inputs, outputs, feedbacks, and models that interact with their environment. Systems theory provides a comprehensive analysis by applying it to complex and dynamic areas such as tourism. Tourism is a system consisting of the interaction of many elements. With a systems approach, the relationships between the elements of tourism can be better understood. Thus, it can provide an opportunity to analyze and forecast all elements of tourism in a holistic manner. Researchers such as Gunn (1972), Leiper (1979, 1992), Mathieson and Wall (1982), and Mill and Morrison (1985) have analyzed tourism as a system and developed system models that point to a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. These models contribute to better management of social, economic, and environmental impacts in the tourism system and to more sustainable tourism development.