Building resilient energy supply chains: a logistics approach to managing disruptions via influence strategy

Smart Grids (SGs) can be regarded as logistical networks that coordinate the transport and distribution of energy across interconnected systems. They manage the flow of energy between production and consumption points while integrating operational flexibility and reliability requirements. Despite these capabilities, SGs remain exposed to disruptions that may propagate through the network and affect both primary and substitution supply chains. This study examines how such disruptions spread by using the Independent Cascade Model (ICM) and how degradation mechanisms influence system performance through the Cox proportional hazards model. The proposed framework evaluates the resulting impacts on energy logistics and identifies conditions under which substitution channels can mitigate performance losses. The findings provide insights into the propagation of disruptions and offer a structured basis for assessing resilience-oriented operational strategies in Smart Grids.