The impact of supply chain resilience on total factor productivity of enterprises: from the perspective of resource allocation

Based on resource orchestration theory, this study systematically investigates the key influencing factors and configurational paths of supply chain resilience, and further reveals the underlying mechanism linking supply chain resilience to total factor productivity. Using data from 1,892 listed manufacturing firms in China in 2022, this study employs a complex mediation model to identify the antecedent configurations leading to high supply chain resilience and examine their relationship with total factor productivity. First, the study identifies three distinct resource allocation configurations that lead to high supply chain resilience, demonstrating a pattern of ‘multiple concurrent causality.’ Second, as supply chain concentration increases, its impact on supply chain resilience shifts from positive to negative, and a high level of innovation capability amplifies the effect of supply chain concentration on supply chain resilience. Third, all high-supply chain resilience resource configurations exhibit a negative impact on total factor productivity. Finally, the relationship between supply chain resilience and total factor productivity is found to follow an inverted U-shaped curve. This study extends the application boundaries of resource orchestration theory in supply chain resilience research and reveals the diversified path mechanisms underlying supply chain resilience formation.