Do different organ involvements cause different comorbidity profiles in Behçet’s syndrome?

Objective This study investigated whether different organ involvements in Behçet’s syndrome (BS) are associated with distinct comorbidity profiles.Materials and methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using records of 345 patients who met the 1990 International Study Group criteria for BS. Patients were categorized into three groups based on organ involvement: Vascular (n = 102), Mucocutaneous (n = 94), and ‘Others’ (n = 149). Data on comorbidities and treatments were collected, and statistical analyses were performed to compare comorbidity frequencies across the groups. Binomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between comorbidity profiles and involvement groups.Results The Mucocutaneous group had the lowest comorbidity rate at 37.2%, while the Vascular group showed the highest rate at 59.8%, with a significant increase in cardiovascular comorbidities such as coronary artery disease and stroke. No significant differences were found in Diabetes Mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia (HL), or hypertension (HT) between groups. Coronary artery disease and stroke were categorized as ‘cardiovascular disease (CVD).’ Logistic regression showed that vascular involvement independently predicted CVD, even when adjusted for HT, DM, and HL.Conclusion Vascular involvement in BS is associated with a higher burden of cardiovascular comorbidities and serves as an independent predictor of CVD. These findings may highlight the need for tailored management strategies based on specific clinical presentations.