Evaluating the Enhanced MADOCA PPP Service Using Multi-GNSS from Eastern India

Survey Review 2026

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Authors: Aiswarya S Pillai, Somnath Mahato, Mrinal Goswami, Bibekananda Panda, Surajit Kundu
DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2026.2619217
Cited by: 0
References: 44

Abstract

This study evaluates the updated MADOCA PPP service using GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QZSS signals in Chandipur, India, with low-cost SwaP-C GNSS modules. Despite limited QZSS visibility in this secondary service region, the system achieved sub-centimeter accuracy, reducing horizontal errors by 75% and vertical errors by over 60% compared to the previous version. The results highlight MADOCA's robustness, with reliable convergence and stability even under constrained conditions. This is the first report of such performance from India, demonstrating the service’s viability for high-precision static applications like surveying and geodetic monitoring in areas with limited GNSS augmentation.

Fields of Study & Subjects

GNSS positioning and interference Statistical and numerical algorithms Geodetic Measurements and Engineering Structures

Publication details

Journal / source
Survey Review
Volume
58
Issue
410
Pages
531–544
Publication date
28 January 2026
Language
EN