Naringin as a natural growth and health promoter in poultry: a comprehensive review

SUMMARYNaringin, a bioflavonoid compound derived from citrus fruits, has a unique structure that makes it an effective natural growth promoter for poultry. Its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties are increasingly recognised as a sustainable alternative to traditional antibiotic growth promoters. Research shows that naringin enhances the antioxidant status of poultry diets by increasing antioxidant enzyme levels and reducing reactive oxygen species within cells. Additionally, its immunomodulatory effects are strongly linked to the stimulation of both cellular and innate immune functions. While carcass traits exhibit limited variation, naringin positively influences meat quality by increasing polyunsaturated fatty acids and decreasing saturated fatty acids. Performance results are also promising: for broilers, incorporating 1.25–1.5 g/kg of naringin into their diet improves growth and feed efficiency. For laying hens, a dietary inclusion of 0.2–0.4% enhances reproductive performance and egg production. Economically, moderate to high levels of naringin supplementation improve cost-effectiveness, making it a practical choice for commercial poultry operations. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding optimal dosing for various species, long-term safety, and interactions with other dietary components. This review aims to summarise the current understanding of naringin’s role in poultry nutrition and to identify the research needs required for its broader application.