Transforming mental health conversations on X: content and sentiment analysis from Indonesia

This study observes changes in how people talk about mental health on X in Indonesia. The analysis draws from 6,580 public tweets posted between 2021 and May 2025. The focus lies on themes such as stigma, recovery, emotional support, and shared understanding. Tweets were collected through a structured digital search using mental health-related words, followed by thematic and sentiment analysis. The findings reveal a discernible shift in discourse from judgment toward compassion, with references to stigma becoming less frequent. Conversations increasingly highlight healing, self-care, and the importance of social connection. Over time, the overall tone has grown warmer, more open, and more hopeful, illustrating how digital spaces can foster kindness, honesty, and mutual support. X functions not merely as a tool but as a space where individuals articulate vulnerability and build community. These insights provide critical reflections for the design of media messages and campaigns aimed at advancing mental well-being, while also underscoring the human dimension of digital media and the influential role of language in cultivating empathy.