Comparative investigation of Darcy-Forchheimer MHD hybrid nanofluid ( SWCNT–Al 2 O 3 CNT–Al 2 O 3 /H 2 0 & MWCNT–CuOH 2 O ) flow with heat source effect on a stretchable surface

The article deals with internal heat generation, nonlinear Darcy-Forchheimer MHD hybrid electrical conducting nanofluid (SWCNT−Al2O3/H2O&MWCNT−CuO/H2O) flow, thermal radiation, and defined mixed boundary constraints in a porous medium. Heat and mass transfer remain critical challenges in manufacturing and engineering applications. Therefore, adding nanoparticles to conventional fluids to enhance the thermal conductivity of base fluid and heat transfer efficiency is needed nowadays. This study examines the effects of radiation, magnetic influence, internal heat sources, and the inertial coefficient on the velocity and temperature profiles of a nanofluid flowing over a stretchable surface. The Von Karman similarity transformations are employed to transform the partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The primary results of the flow and heat transfer (HT) equations were obtained using the NDSolved command. Which is based on Runge–Kutta method. The computational technique allows for the extraction of numerical data, which is then converted into graphs to analyze the effects of key parameters on the profiles.