Effects of nanomaterials on diesel engine running on waste cooking oil biodiesel

The present work aims to examine the impact of metal oxide nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine at various operating conditions, as the use of low-cost, waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel dispersed with both metal oxide nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes, their comparative effect on compression ignition (CI) engine represents novel and critical importance. The materials used are titanium oxide (TiO2) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The engine runs on diesel and WCO biodiesel blends, runs at a constant speed and varying load (0, 6, 12 kg). From the results of the conducted experiments, it has been noticed that adding TiO2 and MWCNTs to WCO biodiesel led to improvements compared to pure diesel (B0), as follows: increased the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 9.07% with TiO2 and 5.95% with MWCNTs, reduced the specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 16% with TiO2 and 18.06% with MWCNTs, hydrocarbons (HC) by 3.47% with TiO2 and 4.70% with MWCNTs, carbon monoxide (CO) by 13.22% with TiO2 and 17.18% with MWCNTs, and nitrogen dioxide (NOx) by 19.23% with TiO2 and 18.82% with MWCNTs. In summary, adding TiO2 and MWCNTs enhances the engine's performance and lowers its emissions.