A novel adaptive type-2 fuzzy PID control strategy for frequency regulation of renewable penetrated hybrid three-area power system

For the load frequency control (LFC) of a three-area hybrid power system, this study suggests an enhanced version of the Improved Parasitism Predation Algorithm (IPPA) method based on an adaptive type-2 fuzzy PID (AT2FPID) controller. The improved algorithm is first evaluated against the basic method in terms of execution time and solution quality using a few benchmark test functions. Additionally, an AT2FPID controller is set up to utilise the suggested method for regulating the frequency of the three-area hybrid system. When comparing the results of the proposed IPPA-based AT2FPID regulator with those of other existing approaches, the latter is more practical for frequency control. It is expected that, in terms of frequency control, the proposed hAOA-PS-based MSPID controller will perform better than traditional PID controllers. The proposed hAOA-PS-based MSPID controller achieves improvements of 27.82%, 60.02%, and 65.15% compared to the AOA-based MSPID, hAOA-PS-based PID, and AOA-based PID, respectively, shown in the simulation results.