Advances in self-healing membranes for carbon dioxide separation: A review

Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) have led to the urgent need for effective separation technologies to mitigate global climate change. Membrane-based CO2 separation has been recognized for its low energy requirements and operational simplicity. However, limitations such as fouling, chemical degradation, and reduced selectivity have been observed in conventional membranes, impacting their long-term efficiency. In this review, recent advancements in self-healing membranes and their potential applications in CO2 separation are discussed. Self-healing membranes, which operate through intrinsic or extrinsic mechanisms, have been shown to autonomously repair damage, maintaining performance over extended periods. Key developments in polymeric, inorganic, and mixed-matrix membranes are highlighted, and various self-healing mechanisms, including dynamic covalent bonds and supramolecular interactions, are explored. Potentials of industrial applications of self-healing membranes are reviewed. By analyzing current technologies, the potential of self-healing membranes to overcome the trade-off between permeability and selectivity is addressed. Although challenges related to scalability and long-term stability remain, it is concluded that self-healing membranes offer significant promise in enhancing the efficiency of CO2 capture, providing a more sustainable and cost-effective solution for climate mitigation.