Survival outcomes of eyelid lymphoma: a SEER database analysis

Purpose To evaluate associations between treatment modality and survival in patients with eyelid lymphoma using the SEER national cancer registry, and to identify demographic predictors of prognosis.Methods Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2000–2021) were analyzed for patients with histologically confirmed eyelid lymphoma. Demographic, histologic, and treatment variables were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models for 5 year and overall survival respectively.Results Among 509 cases, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT; 47.5%) was most common, followed by follicular lymphoma (19.6%) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; 12.0%). Radiation therapy was associated with improved survival in patients with MALT lymphoma (p < 0.05) but not in other subtypes. Chemotherapy was not independently associated with improved survival. Increased age at diagnosis and male gender were independent predictors of decreased survival (p < 0.05). Race, income, and marital status were not associated with altered five-year survival.Conclusions This population-based analysis demonstrates that survival in eyelid lymphoma varies by histologic subtype and is independently associated with age, sex, and radiation therapy use in MALT lymphoma. Findings should be interpreted in light of inherent limitations of registry data, including incomplete treatment and staging information.