A study on the Bi-copter system for increasing operation time

Multi-copter systems are widely used in various applications due to their vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) capabilities and flight performance. However, conventional designs that rely on multiple fixed rotors are limited by high power consumption, resulting in limited flight time. Various approaches have been proposed to address these issues, but many of them introduce new challenges such as increased system weight, structural complexity, or noise. This study proposes a Bi-copter system employing CG–AC positioning for passive longitudinal stability. To evaluate its flight characteristics, a Software-in-the-Loop Simulation (SILS) is conducted and compared with a quad-copter. In addition, a Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) is performed to compare the power consumption characteristics associated with propulsion configurations.