Public perceptions of state peacekeeping policy in the context of geopolitical transformation

The aim of this study was to examine public perceptions of peacekeeping operations (PKOs) conducted by China and Kazakhstan against the backdrop of geopolitical transformations. To investigate the topic effectively, the application of terminological, hermeneutic, comparative, and historical methods was essential. The study elucidates the nature of peacekeeping activities, particularly within the framework of the United Nations (UN), analyses the evolution of the UN’s peacekeeping efforts, and examines the guiding principles and foundational legal instruments underpinning these operations. Furthermore, the essence and characteristics of geopolitical transformations are explored, with a focus on the experiences of China and Kazakhstan as states undergoing large-scale changes, alongside an assessment of public perceptions of peacekeeping in each country. A key finding of this research, based on the analysis of secondary sources, is that public perception of a state’s peacekeeping policy plays a decisive role in its efficacy and reflects broader societal attitudes toward state policy. The practical significance of the study lies in its potential utility for governmental bodies and analytical centres in refining approaches to peacekeeping policy formulation.