Circularity of water in small islands: a case study of rainwater harvesting in Ameland, the Netherlands
Abstract
Small islands are increasingly vulnerable to water insecurity due to limited freshwater resources, seasonal tourism, and climate-related risks. This paper assesses the feasibility of household rainwater harvesting (RWH) in Ameland, the Netherlands as a circular water strategy. Applying the IPCC AR6 feasibility dimensions with additional criteria of practicality, viability, and sustainability, the study finds that rooftop RWH could supply ~47 m3 annually per household, covering ~50% of annual domestic demand and more than 100% of key non-potable uses. While economic returns remain modest, RWH offers important resilience benefits by reducing reliance on imported water and improving preparedness for supply disruptions.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Energy
Environment
Agriculture Analysis
Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Water International
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 666–691
- Publication date
- 6 May 2026
- Language
- EN