Are future social workers ready for AI? Fears, barriers, and learning needs in higher education

Artificial intelligence is experiencing continuous and sustained progress, characterized by advances in algorithms, processing power and data availability. Machine learning techniques, especially deep learning, are constantly being refined using more efficient optimization methods, as well as improvements in knowledge transfer and generalization. This development is driven by academic research and industrial adoption, creating a feedback loop that accelerates innovation and expands the range of applications in increasingly complex fields. But is this advancement of AI coupled with greater application in professional fields? Will future professionals recognize the utility of AI? This study explores social work students’ attitudes toward AI, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis with a sample size of 42. The questionnaire identified six dimensions combining instrumental acceptance, ethical concern and technological fascination. The qualitative results reinforce an ambivalent perception: while the usefulness of AI in administrative or managerial tasks is recognized, its limitations with regard to direct intervention, empathic communication and professional judgment are emphasized. Students advocate for a critical and complementary implementation model that upholds the relational dimension of social work. The findings suggest a need to integrate digital literacy with ethical and emotional training, promoting a reflexive incorporation of AI in the curricula.